英汉委婉语的文化对比分析
英汉委婉语的文化对比分析
委婉语是一种社会语言学现象，人们通常运用委婉语含蓄并且礼貌地表达自己的不同意见和愿望。委婉语通常是以一种礼貌的方式来化解尴尬或不愉快的东西。委婉语与文化有着密切的关系,它真实地反映了人们的生活、价值观以及国家的历史。针对汉语和英语委婉语的研究可以帮助我们理解中国和西方文化。
本文在吸纳前人研究成果基础上,对英汉两种语言中存在的委婉语进行了对比研究。本文通过对英汉两种语言中委婉语的对比研究,旨在更深入理解英汉委婉语的语言特征,提高目的语文化和母语文化的差异意识，从而有助于在交际中恰当的使用委婉语。
关键词：委婉语 文化差异 对比分析
Abstract..ii
摘要iii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research Background and Significance 2
1.2 Literature Review ..2
Chapter 2 Euphemism ..4
2.1 The Definition of Euphemism4
2.2 The Origin and Development of Euphemism 4
Chapter 3 Cultural Differences in Chinese and Western Euphemism ..6
3.1 Comparison of Cultural Difference in Chinese and Western Euphemism..6
3.1.1 Euphemism on Death6
3.1.2 Euphemism on Old Age.7
3.1.3 Euphemism on Poverty.8
3.1.4 Euphemism on Marriage and Pregnancy8
3.1.5 Euphemism on Disease.9
3.2 The Causes to the Difference ..10
3.2.1 Differences in the Values .10
3.2.2 Differences in the Religions..11
3.2.3 Differences in the Ethical Cultures..12
3.2.4 Differences in the Social Systems..13
Chapter 4 Conclusion ..15
Bibliography .16
Acknowledgments ..17
Due to the value of the language, Euphemism is a phenomenon of language. Euphemism is the way of decoration, it use a kind of harmless or delightful vocabulary, instead of those direct and attack words, and use a kind of language to cover the truth. Euphemism is produced in certain social environment, it reflects all ethnic groups’ habits, religion, value orientation, and so on. When people learn English, they should learn basic language grammar and unique historical background and cultural practices, thereby they can really master the English language; avoid pragmatic failure; achieve better intercultural communication.
Language is a very important tool in international communication. People must make good use of language when they use negotiation strategies or involve relationships to present their own opinions. Euphemism of English can be used in communication, because it usually plays unexpected positive role. By using Euphemism, speaker can save the freedom and avoid to be interfered. Along with the world more and more global, intercultural communication becomes more and more important. The aim of this paper overcomes the difficulties of international communication to reduce misunderstanding of communication. By studying the definition, features and application of Euphemism of English in international communication, we can improve the ability of communication. And people can understand its features and effects better by analyzing the methods and technology, so that we can point that Euphemism is good use of building stable partnerships.
This paper attempts to explore the importance of Euphemism and analysis the difference between English Euphemism and Chinese Euphemism. Finally, this paper explores cultural similarities and differences in the Euphemism of Chinese and English.
1.1 Research Background and Significance
The theme of this article comes from the application of Euphemism in the international communication. International communication is an important part of international relations, especially the current theme with international standards in the peaceful time. However, international communication is not only the necessary part of foreign policy, but also the good cooperation of the two countries or two companies. The using of Euphemism is a common case when people talk about some unpleasant or embarrassed things. The development of human civilization and social progress will increase the application of Euphemism in social communication. This paper will focuses on the features and significance of Euphemism.
1.2 Literature Review
In the western countries, the relationship of language and culture is the relationship of part and entirety in reality. According to his research, Euphemism is a kind of language. And language is the symbol of culture; language is the rail tube of culture. Rosin thought that the production Euphemism came from the specific culture background, national history and custom and psycho-social functioning.
The speech in this book fair: euphemism, Enright, DJ (1985) for the first time use is pointed out that the agricultural products of euphemism from psychology of evasion. About avoiding the functions of euphemism research could not leave the taboo. In the early days of human civilization, people cannot make reasonable answer or explain some natural phenomena, they blindly fear or respect, connect them with the language, as a result, it led to a taboo. Enright DJ also mentioned that in language taboo, the most common is death. Any a kind of language to avoid the word “death”, they all try to use some euphemism or turn add words instead of the death penalty.
Euphemism thesaurus, Newman, J.S. And silver, C, G (1990) argues that English euphemism, euphemism of silver points types are divided into two types, which can be regarded as a traditional euphemism and style. Newman believed that the so-called traditional euphemism in English closely with taboos, such as life and death and disease and sex connection; And if the purpose is to direct said they would taboos and give a person the sense of rude and rigid, and rude. If they can indirectly said, they are elegant and tactful and polite impression of euphemism. Based on the above analysis, Newman, J.S. And silver, C, G, think the functions of euphemism, this is to avoid taboo and secular, and simulate the manners and politeness, and the function of coverage and high praise.
委婉语是一种社会语言学现象，人们通常运用委婉语含蓄并且礼貌地表达自己的不同意见和愿望。委婉语通常是以一种礼貌的方式来化解尴尬或不愉快的东西。委婉语与文化有着密切的关系,它真实地反映了人们的生活、价值观以及国家的历史。针对汉语和英语委婉语的研究可以帮助我们理解中国和西方文化。
本文在吸纳前人研究成果基础上,对英汉两种语言中存在的委婉语进行了对比研究。本文通过对英汉两种语言中委婉语的对比研究,旨在更深入理解英汉委婉语的语言特征,提高目的语文化和母语文化的差异意识，从而有助于在交际中恰当的使用委婉语。
关键词：委婉语 文化差异 对比分析
Abstract..ii
摘要iii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research Background and Significance 2
1.2 Literature Review ..2
Chapter 2 Euphemism ..4
2.1 The Definition of Euphemism4
2.2 The Origin and Development of Euphemism 4
Chapter 3 Cultural Differences in Chinese and Western Euphemism ..6
3.1 Comparison of Cultural Difference in Chinese and Western Euphemism..6
3.1.1 Euphemism on Death6
3.1.2 Euphemism on Old Age.7
3.1.3 Euphemism on Poverty.8
3.1.4 Euphemism on Marriage and Pregnancy8
3.1.5 Euphemism on Disease.9
3.2 The Causes to the Difference ..10
3.2.1 Differences in the Values .10
3.2.2 Differences in the Religions..11
3.2.3 Differences in the Ethical Cultures..12
3.2.4 Differences in the Social Systems..13
Chapter 4 Conclusion ..15
Bibliography .16
Acknowledgments ..17
Due to the value of the language, Euphemism is a phenomenon of language. Euphemism is the way of decoration, it use a kind of harmless or delightful vocabulary, instead of those direct and attack words, and use a kind of language to cover the truth. Euphemism is produced in certain social environment, it reflects all ethnic groups’ habits, religion, value orientation, and so on. When people learn English, they should learn basic language grammar and unique historical background and cultural practices, thereby they can really master the English language; avoid pragmatic failure; achieve better intercultural communication.
Language is a very important tool in international communication. People must make good use of language when they use negotiation strategies or involve relationships to present their own opinions. Euphemism of English can be used in communication, because it usually plays unexpected positive role. By using Euphemism, speaker can save the freedom and avoid to be interfered. Along with the world more and more global, intercultural communication becomes more and more important. The aim of this paper overcomes the difficulties of international communication to reduce misunderstanding of communication. By studying the definition, features and application of Euphemism of English in international communication, we can improve the ability of communication. And people can understand its features and effects better by analyzing the methods and technology, so that we can point that Euphemism is good use of building stable partnerships.
This paper attempts to explore the importance of Euphemism and analysis the difference between English Euphemism and Chinese Euphemism. Finally, this paper explores cultural similarities and differences in the Euphemism of Chinese and English.
1.1 Research Background and Significance
The theme of this article comes from the application of Euphemism in the international communication. International communication is an important part of international relations, especially the current theme with international standards in the peaceful time. However, international communication is not only the necessary part of foreign policy, but also the good cooperation of the two countries or two companies. The using of Euphemism is a common case when people talk about some unpleasant or embarrassed things. The development of human civilization and social progress will increase the application of Euphemism in social communication. This paper will focuses on the features and significance of Euphemism.
1.2 Literature Review
In the western countries, the relationship of language and culture is the relationship of part and entirety in reality. According to his research, Euphemism is a kind of language. And language is the symbol of culture; language is the rail tube of culture. Rosin thought that the production Euphemism came from the specific culture background, national history and custom and psycho-social functioning.
The speech in this book fair: euphemism, Enright, DJ (1985) for the first time use is pointed out that the agricultural products of euphemism from psychology of evasion. About avoiding the functions of euphemism research could not leave the taboo. In the early days of human civilization, people cannot make reasonable answer or explain some natural phenomena, they blindly fear or respect, connect them with the language, as a result, it led to a taboo. Enright DJ also mentioned that in language taboo, the most common is death. Any a kind of language to avoid the word “death”, they all try to use some euphemism or turn add words instead of the death penalty.
Euphemism thesaurus, Newman, J.S. And silver, C, G (1990) argues that English euphemism, euphemism of silver points types are divided into two types, which can be regarded as a traditional euphemism and style. Newman believed that the so-called traditional euphemism in English closely with taboos, such as life and death and disease and sex connection; And if the purpose is to direct said they would taboos and give a person the sense of rude and rigid, and rude. If they can indirectly said, they are elegant and tactful and polite impression of euphemism. Based on the above analysis, Newman, J.S. And silver, C, G, think the functions of euphemism, this is to avoid taboo and secular, and simulate the manners and politeness, and the function of coverage and high praise.
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