抗球虫药马杜霉素对鲫鱼的急性毒性及亚慢性毒性试验研究

目录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言2
第一章 马杜霉素对鲫鱼的急性毒性研究2
1 材料与方法2
1.1 材料 2
1．1．1 试验药物 2
1．1．2 试验动物 2
1．1．3 试验器材 3
1．1．4 试验条件 3
1.2 方法 3
1．2．1 限度试验 3
1．2．2 预试验 3
1．2．3 正式实验 3
1．2．4 数据处理 3
2 结果与分析3
2.1 限度试验3
2.2 预试验3
2.3 正式试验4
3 讨论 5
马杜霉素对鲫鱼的亚慢性毒性研究6
1 材料与方法6
1.1 材料 6
1．1．1 试验药物 6
1．1．2 试验动物 6
1．1．3 试验器材 6
1．1．4 试验条件 6
1.2 方法 6
1．2．1 亚慢性暴露试验 6
1．2．2 组织样品采集、病理切片制备及匀浆液的制备 6
1．2．3 测定抗氧化指标 6
1．2．4 数据处理 6
2 结果与分析6
2.1 病理切片观察6
2．1．1 肝组织形态学观察 6
2．1．2 肌肉组织形态学观察 7
2.2 抗氧化指标的测定8
2．2．1 组织中丙二醛(MDA)含量的测定 8
2．2．2 组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)酶活力的测定 11
3 讨论 15
致谢15
参考文献16
抗球虫药马杜霉素对鲫鱼的急性毒性及亚慢性毒性试验研究
摘要 考察马杜霉素对鲫鱼的生态毒性，为马杜霉素在鲫鱼体内的代谢分布、残留消除及毒性机制研究等提供科学依据。通过预试验获得急性毒性正式试验的剂量分组，观察鲫鱼在不同马杜霉素溶液中暴露96 *好棒文|www.hbsrm.com +Q: *351916072* 
h的急性中毒反应，统计各组死亡率；观察鲫鱼在马杜霉素溶液中暴露28天的亚慢性中毒反应，检测马杜霉素对鲫鱼鳃及肝胰腺组织中抗氧化指标的影响，并通过HE染色观察其组织病理损伤。急性毒性试验结果显示，马杜霉素对鲫鱼的96 h LC50为11.23 mg/L。亚慢性毒性试验结果显示：与空白对照相比，各剂量组鳃组织中SOD活力随着暴露时间的延长出现显著性差异(P＜0.05)；各剂量组肝胰腺组织中SOD活性在第7 d时均低于空白对照组，第21 d和第28 d时低剂量组SOD活性均显著高于空白对照组(P＜0.05)，其它各组SOD活性均高于空白对照组，但差异不显著(P＞0.05)。与空白对照组相比，各剂量组鳃组织和肝胰腺组织MDA水平变化规律一致，即在第7 d时升高，之后降低，差异均不显著(P＞0.05)。HE染色结果显示各剂量组鲫鱼鳃、肝胰腺组织均有一定程度的病变，主要表现为肝细胞质减少或消失，细胞核偏移或消失。综合研究结果表明，水环境中存在一定浓度的马杜霉素时，会引起鲫鱼的急性中毒，其96 h的LC50为11.23 mg/L；鲫鱼长期在马杜霉素的暴露胁迫下会引起组织脂质过氧化，导致组织出现不同程度的病理损伤。
关键词 马杜霉素；急性毒性；亚慢性毒性；鲫鱼
Experimental study on Acute and Subchronic toxicity of Carassius auratus with Antimicrobial Mardumycin
Student majoring in Animal Pharmacy Liu Jing
Tutor Jiang Shanxiang
Abstract The ecological toxicity of Maduromycin to Carassius auratus was investigated, which provided scientific basis for the metabolic distribution, residual elimination and the study of toxicity mechanism of Mardumycin in Carassius auratus.The acute toxicity of Carassius auratus was divided into several groups by pretest. The acute toxic reaction of crucian carp exposed to different Maduromycin solution for 96 hours was observed and the mortality of each group was counted.The subchronic toxic reaction of Carassius auratus was observed after 28 days of exposure to Mardumycin solution. The effects of Maduromycin on the antioxidant indexes in Gill and hepatopancreas of crucian carp were detected. The pathological damage of crucian carp tissues was observed by HE staining.The results of acute toxicity test showed that the 96 h LC50 of Mardumycin to crucian carp was 11.23 mg/L.The results of subchronic toxicity test showed that the activity of SOD in Gill tissues of each dose group showed significant difference with the prolongation of exposure time (P < 0.05).The activity of SOD in the hepatopancreas of each dose group was lower than that of the control group on the 7th day, the activity of SOD in the lowdose group was significantly higher than that in the blank control group on the 21st and 28th days (P < 0.05), and the SOD activity in the other groups was higher than that in the blank control group, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05).Compared with the blank control group, the MDA level of gill and hepatopancreas in each dose group was the same, that is, at seventh D, then decreased, and the difference was not significant (P > 0.05).The results of HE staining showed that the Gill and hepatopancreas of crucian carp in different dose groups had a certain degree of pathological changes, mainly manifested as the decrease or disappearance of the liver cytoplasm, the migration or disappearance of the nucleus.The comprehensive results showed that when there was a certain concentration of Maduromycin in water environment, it would cause acute poisoning of crucian carp, the LC50 of which was 11.23 mg / L at 96 h, and crucian carp would have lipid peroxidation together under the stress of Maduromycin exposure for a long time. It leads to different degree of pathological injury.

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